Spain visa types

No. The NLV explicitly forbids any economic activity. Remote work for foreign employers is a grey area officially, and many residents have used it informally — but Spain's preferred route for remote workers is now the Digital Nomad visa, which permits up to 20% of income from Spanish clients.

Yes. Time on the Digital Nomad visa counts toward the 5-year residence requirement for permanent residence. After 5 continuous years (renewals every 2 years), you can apply for permanent residence; you may also apply for citizenship after 10 years (or 2 years for Ibero-American nationals).

Empadronamiento is registration at your local town hall (Ayuntamiento) confirming your address. It is the single most important administrative step after arrival because it gates healthcare, school enrolment, NIE issuance on your TIE, and many bureaucratic procedures. Some town halls require a rental contract; others accept a hotel reservation or a written invitation from a Spanish resident.

The NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero) is your fiscal identification number, issued the first time you have a tax-relevant interaction with Spain. The TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) is the physical residence card non-EU residents must collect after arriving on a residence visa; it carries the NIE on it and serves as your photo ID for residency purposes.

After holding a Spanish residence permit for 1 year (and securing renewal for a second year), you can sponsor your spouse, children under 18, and dependants over 65. Income must be at least 150% of IPREM for the principal plus 50% per family member, and adequate housing must be demonstrated through a habitability report.