Visa Type

Asylum Guide (U.S.)

United States • HUMANITARIAN pathway

Eligibility and planning checklist for asylum applicants.

Last reviewed: 2026-01-29Official sources
Key takeaways
  • Asylum protects people who fear persecution based on protected grounds.
  • Most applicants must file within one year of arrival.
  • Claims can be affirmative or defensive.
Official sources referenced

Who the Asylum is for

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  • Applicants with well-founded fear of persecution
  • Individuals seeking protection after arrival in the U.S.
  • Applicants with strong personal statements and evidence

Requirements checklist (high level)

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  • Form I-589 with personal statement
  • Evidence of persecution and country conditions
  • Filing within one year or qualifying exception
  • Biometrics and interview or court hearing

Documents and evidence

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  • Personal affidavit and supporting evidence
  • Country condition reports and expert letters
  • Identity documents and entry records
  • Supporting witness statements

Step-by-step overview

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  1. File Form I-589 within one year (or document exception).
  2. Complete biometrics appointment.
  3. Attend asylum interview or immigration court hearing.
  4. Await decision and follow next steps if approved.

Common mistakes that cause delays

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  • Missing the one-year filing deadline without an exception
  • Inconsistent statements or evidence gaps
  • Insufficient country conditions documentation

FAQs

What are the protected grounds for asylum?

Persecution must be based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.

Is there an asylum filing deadline?

Yes. Most applicants must file within one year of arrival unless an exception applies.

Can I work while my asylum case is pending?

You may be eligible to apply for work authorization after your application has been pending for a required period.

Sources

Last reviewed: 2026-01-29

Important

VisaMind provides informational guidance only and is not a government agency. This is not legal advice. Requirements can change and eligibility depends on your specific facts. If your case is complex or high-stakes, consult a licensed immigration attorney.

Next steps

Requirements vary by nationality, purpose, timeline, and case details. VisaMind turns uncertainty into a sequenced checklist with official source citations.

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